历年英语一阅读真题考研

阅读在试卷结构中占比分值是最大的,也需要保证充分的时间,所以也把阅读放在前面,简单来说就是它分量大,所以靠前下文是小编为你精心编辑整理的历年英语一阅读真题考研,希望对你有所帮助,更多内容,请点击相关栏目查看,谢谢!

历年英语一阅读真题考研

历年英语一阅读真题考研1

Text 4

It‘s no surprise that Jennifer Senior’s insightful, provocative magazine

cover story, “I love My Children, I Hate My Life,” is arousing much chatter –

nothing gets people talking like the suggestion that child rearing is anything

less than a completely fulfilling, life-enriching experience. Rather than

concluding that children make parents either happy or miserable, Senior suggests

we need to redefine happiness: instead of thinking of it as something that can

be measured by moment-to-moment joy, we should consider being happy as a

past-tense condition. Even though the day-to-day experience of raising kids can

be soul-crushingly hard, Senior writes that “the very things that in the moment

dampen our moods can later be sources of intense gratification and delight.”

The magazine cover showing an attractive mother holding a cute baby is

hardly the only Madonna-and-child image on newsstands this week. There are also

stories about newly adoptive – and newly single – mom Sandra Bullock, as well as

the usual “Jennifer Aniston is pregnant” news. Practically every week features

at least one celebrity mom, or mom-to-be, smiling on the newsstands.

In a society that so persistently celebrates procreation, is it any wonder

that admitting you regret having children is equivalent to admitting you support

kitten-killing ? It doesn‘t seem quite fair, then, to compare the regrets of

parents to the regrets of the children. Unhappy parents rarely are provoked to

wonder if they shouldn’t have had kids, but unhappy childless folks are bothered

with the message that children are the single most important thing in the world:

obviously their misery must be a direct result of the gaping baby-size holes in

their lives.

Of course, the image of parenthood that celebrity magazines like Us Weekly

and People present is hugely unrealistic, especially when the parents are single

mothers like Bullock. According to several studies concluding that parents are

less happy than childless couples, single parents are the least happy of all. No

shock there, considering how much work it is to raise a kid without a partner to

lean on; yet to hear Sandra and Britney tell it, raising a kid on their “own”

(read: with round-the-clock help) is a piece of cake.

It‘s hard to imagine that many people are dumb enough to want children just

because Reese and Angelina make it look so glamorous: most adults understand

that a baby is not a haircut. But it’s interesting to wonder if the images we

see every week of stress-free, happiness-enhancing parenthood aren‘t in some

small, subconscious way contributing to our own dissatisfactions with the actual

experience, in the same way that a small part of us hoped getting “ the Rachel”

might make us look just a little bit like Jennifer Aniston.

36.Jennifer Senior suggests in her article that raising a child can

bring

[A]temporary delight

[B]enjoyment in progress

[C]happiness in retrospect

[D]lasting reward

37.We learn from Paragraph 2 that

[A]celebrity moms are a permanent source for gossip.

[B]single mothers with babies deserve greater attention.

[C]news about pregnant celebrities is entertaining.

[D]having children is highly valued by the public.

38.It is suggested in Paragraph 3 that childless folks

[A]are constantly exposed to criticism.

[B]are largely ignored by the media.

[C]fail to fulfill their social responsibilities.

[D]are less likely to be satisfied with their life.

39.According to Paragraph 4, the message conveyed by celebrity magazines

is

[A]soothing.

[B]ambiguous.

[C]compensatory.

[D]misleading.

40.Which of the following can be inferred from the last paragraph?

[A]Having children contributes little to the glamour of celebrity moms.

[B]Celebrity moms have influenced our attitude towards child rearing.

[C]Having children intensifies our dissatisfaction with life.

[D]We sometimes neglect the happiness from child rearing.

历年英语一阅读真题考研2

Text4

Two years ago. Rupert Murdoch’s daughter, spoke at the “unsettling dearth

of integrity across so many of our collapsed, she argued, because of a

collective acceptance that the mechanism”in society should be profit and the

market we the people who create the society we want, not profit.”

Driving her point home, she continued”It’s increasingly absence of

purpose,of a moral language with in government, could become one of the most

dangerous goals for capitalism and freedom.” This same absence of moral purpose

was wounding companies, such as International, she thought, making it more

likely that it would fore had with widespread illegal telephone hacking.

As the hacking trial concludes-finding guilty one ex-editor of the News of

the World, Andy Coulson, for conspiring to hack phones, and finding the

predecessor, Rebekah Brooks, innocent of the same charge-the wide dearth of

integrity still stands. Journalists are known to have hacked the phones of up to

5,500 people. This is hacking on an industrial scale, as was acknowledged by

Glenn Mulcaire, the man hired by the News of the World in 2001 to be the point

person for phone hacking. Others await trial. This long story still unfolds.

In many respects, the dearth of moral purpose frames not only the fact of

such widespread phone hacking but the terms on which the trial took place. One

of the astonishing revelations was how little Rebekah Brooks knew of what went

on in her newsroom, how little she thought to ask and the fact that she never

inquired how the stories arrived. The core of her successful defence was that

she knew nothing.

In today’s world, it has become normal that well-paid executives should not

be accountable for what happens in the organizations that they run. Perhaps we

should not be so surprised. For a generation, the collective doctrine has been

that the sorting mechanism of society should be profit. The words that have

mattered are efficiency, flexibility, shareholder value, business-friendly,

wealth generation, sales, impact and, in newspapers, circulation. Words degraded

to the margin have been justice, fairness, tolerance, proportionality and

accountability.

The purpose of editing the News of the World was not to promote reader

understanding, to be fair in what was written or to betray any common humanity.

It was to ruin lives in the quest for circulation and impact. Ms Brooks may or

may not have had suspicions about how her journalists got their stories, but she

asked no questions, gave no instructions-nor received traceable, recorded

answers.

36. Accordign to the first two paragraphs, Elisabeth was upset by

(A) the consequences of the current sorting mechanism.

(B) companies’ financial loss due to immoral practices

(C) governmental ineffectiveness on moral issues.

(D) the wide misuse of integrity among institutions.

37. It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that

(A) Glenn Mulcaire may deny phone hacking as a crime.

(B) more journalists may be found guilty of phone hacking.

(C) Andy Coulson should be held innocent of the charge.

(D) phone hacking will be accepted on certain occasions.

38. The author believes that Rebekah Brooks’s defence

(A) revealed a cunning personality.

(B) centered on trivial issues.

(C) was hardly convincing.

(D) was part of a conspiracy.

39. The author holds that the current collective doctrine shows

(A) generally distorted values.

(B) unfair wealth distribution.

(C) a marginalized lifestyle.

(D) a rigid moral code.

40 Which of the following is suggested in the last paragraph?

(A) The quality of writings is of primary importance.

(B) Common humanity is central to news reporting.

(C) Moral awareness matters in editing a newspaper.

(D) Journalists need stricter industrial regulations.

历年英语一阅读真题考研3

Text 4

The U.S. Postal Service (USPS) continues to bleed red ink. It reported a

net loss of $5.6 billion for fiscal 2016, the 10th straight year its expenses

have exceeded revenue. Meanwhile, it has more than $120 billion in unfunded

liabilities, mostly for employee health and retirement costs. There are many

bankruptcies. Fundamentally, the USPS is in a historic squeeze between

technological change that has permanently decreased demand for its

bread-and-butter product, first-class mail, and a regulatory structure that

denies management the flexibility to adjust its operations to the new

reality

And interest groups ranging from postal unions to greeting-card makers

exert self-interested pressure on the USPS’s ultimate

overseer-Congress-insisting that whatever else happens to the Postal Service,

aspects of the status quo they depend on get protected. This is why repeated

attempts at reform legislation have failed in recent years, leaving the Postal

Service unable to pay its bills except by deferring vital modernization.

Now comes word that everyone involved—Democrats, Republicans, the Postal

Service, the unions and the system’s heaviest users—has finally agreed on a plan

to fix the system. Legislation is moving through the House that would save USPS

an estimated $28.6 billion over five years, which could help pay for new

vehicles, among other survival measures. Most of the money would come from a

penny-per-letter permanent rate increase and from shifting postal retirees into

Medicare. The latter step would largely offset the financial burden of annually

pre-funding retiree health care, thus addressing a long-standing complaint by

the USPS and its union.

If it clears the House, this measure would still have to get through the

Senate – where someone is bound to point out that it amounts to the bare, bare

minimum necessary to keep the Postal Service afloat, not comprehensive reform.

There’s no change to collective bargaining at the USPS, a major omission

considering that personnel accounts for 80 percent of the agency’s costs. Also

missing is any discussion of eliminating Saturday letter delivery. That

common-sense change enjoys wide public support and would save the USPS $2

billion per year. But postal special-interest groups seem to have killed it, at

least in the House. The emerging consensus around the bill is a sign that

legislators are getting frightened about a politically embarrassing short-term

collapse at the USPS. It is not, however, a sign that they’re getting serious

about transforming the postal system for the 21st century.

36.The financial problem with the USPS is caused partly by

[A]. its unbalanced budget.

[B] .its rigid management.

[C] .the cost for technical upgrading.

[D]. the withdrawal of bank support.

37. According to Paragraph 2, the USPS fails to modernize itself due to

[A]. the interference from interest groups.

[B] .the inadequate funding from Congress.

[C] .the shrinking demand for postal service.

[D] .the incompetence of postal unions.

38.The long-standing complaint by the USPS and its unions can be addressed

by

[A] .removing its burden of retiree health care.

[B] .making more investment in new vehicles.

[C] .adopting a new rate-increase mechanism.

[D]. attracting more first-class mail users.

39.In the last paragraph, the author seems to view legislators with

[A] respect.

[B] tolerance.

[C] discontent.

[D] gratitude.

40.Which of the following would be the best title for the text?

[A] .The USPS Starts to Miss Its Good Old Days

[B] .The Postal Service: Keep Away from My Cheese

[C] .The USPS: Chronic Illness Requires a Quick Cure

[D] .The Postal Service Needs More than a Band-Aid

历年英语一阅读真题考研4

Text 4

“The Heart of the Matter,” the just-released report by the American Academy

of Arts and Sciences, deserves praise for affirming the importance of the

humanities and social sciences to the prosperity and security of liberal

democracy in America. Regrettably, however, the report’s failure to address the

true nature of the crisis facing liberal education may cause more harm than

good.

In 2010, leading congressional Democrats and Republicans sent letters to

the American Academy of Arts and Sciences asking that it identify actions that

could be taken by “federal, state and local governments, universities,

foundations, educators, individual benefactors and others” to “maintain national

excellence in humanities and social scientific scholarship and education.”

In response, the American Academy formed the Commission on the Humanities

and Social Sciences, with Duke University President Richard Brodhead and retired

Exelon CEO John Rowe as co-chairmen. Among the commission’s 51 members are

top-tier-university presidents, scholars, lawyers, judges, and business

executives, as well as prominent figures from diplomacy, filmmaking, music and

journalism.

The goals identified in the report are generally admirable. Because

representative government presupposes an informed citizenry, the report supports

full literacy; stresses the study of history and government, particularly

American history and American government; and encourages the use of new digital

technologies.

To encourage innovation and competition, the report calls for increased

investment in research, the crafting of coherent curricula that improve

students’ ability to solve problems and communicate effectively in the 21st

century, increased funding for teachers and the encouragement of scholars to

bring their learning to bear on the great challenges of the day. The report also

advocates greater study of foreign languages, international affairs and the

expansion of study abroad programs.

One of the more novel ideas in the report is the creation of a “Culture

Corps” in cities and town across America to “transmit humanistic and social

scientific expertise from one generation to the next.”

Unfortunately, despite 2? years in the making, “The Heart of the Matter”

never gets to the heart of the matter: the illiberal nature of liberal education

at our leading colleges and universities.

The commission ignores that for several decades America’s colleges and

universities have produced graduates who don’t know the content and character of

liberal education and are thus deprived of its benefits. Sadly, the spirit of

inquiry once at home on campus has been replaced by the use of the humanities

and social sciences as vehicles for disseminating “progressive,” or left-liberal

propaganda.

Today, professors routinely treat the progressive interpretation of history

and progressive public policy as the proper subject of study while portraying

conservative or classical liberal ideas—such as free markets, self-reliance and

a distrust of central planning—as falling outside the boundaries of routine, and

sometimes legitimate, intellectual investigation.

The AAAS displays great enthusiasm for liberal education. Yet its report

may well set back reform by obscuring the depth and breadth of the challenge

that congress asked it to illuminate.

36. According to Paragraph 1, what is the author’s attitude toward the

AAAS’s report?

[A] Critical

[B] Appreciative

[C] Contemptuous

[D] Tolerant

本篇文章选自华尔街日报。主要讲的是非自由教育以及”问题核心”这个报告。

答案解析:

36.选A,该题是细节态度题。并非考察全文的态度,也就是说要细节定位。根据题干定位原则,定位第一段AAAS出现之处,并且一定要找到表示评价的部分。该题迷惑性很强,因为文章在AAAS后面就又”praise”所以容易误导大家选择答案B

“appreciative(欣赏的)”,但是我们应该看到有however,我们知道如果第一段出现转折,那此转折一定跟主旨有关。同时各个题都与主旨相关,所以这道题应该于主旨相关,后文中的“may

cause more harm than good.”让我们知道它的还多余利,所以答案选择A,批判性的。

37. Influential figures in the Congress required that the AAAS report on

how to

[A] retain people’s interest in liberal education

[B] define the government’s role in education

[C] keep a leading position in liberal education

[D] safeguard individuals rights to education

37,选C,细节题。根据自然段定位原则,36题在第一段出题,38题在第三段出题,那37题在第二段出题的可能性就很大。同时题干定位”Influential

figures in the Congress”与“leading congressional Democrats and

Republicans”同义替换。定位的答案是asking that it identify actions that could be taken by

“federal, state and ….., individual benefactors and others” to “asking that it

identify actions that could be taken by “federal, state and local governments,

universities, foundations, educators, individual benefactors and others” to

“maintain national excellence in humanities and social scientific scholarship

and education. “In humanities and social scientific scholarship and education.

“也就是说答案重点在maintain national excellence 刚好与选项C 中的leading position

进行同义替换。ABD与文章不符合。

38. According to Paragraph 3, the report suggests

[A] an exclusive study of American history

[B] a greater emphasis on theoretical subjects

[C] the application of emerging technologies

[D] funding for the study of foreign languages

38,选C,推理题。Suggest 是推理题的标志。先化选项关键词,发现选项A是讲American history选项B; 是讲theoretical

subjects;选项C]emerging technologies;选项Dfunding foreign languages。返回原文定位的时候,A

选项中的“exclusive 排外”并没有在“stresses the study of history and government,

particularly American history and American

government;”这句话中体现。B选项中的理论学科没有定位点。D选项与原文“increased funding for

teachers”以及“greater study of foreign languages,”不符。属于张冠李戴。“encourages the use of

new digital technologies.”与选项C 同义替换。

39. The author implies in Paragraph S that professors are

[A] supportive of free markets

[B] cautious about intellectual investigation

[C] conservative about public policy

[D] biased against classical liberal ideas

39题选B,属于推理题。Implies是推理题的标志。同时根据提题干定位第五段,找professor. “professors routinely

treat the progressive interpretation of history and progressive public policy as

the proper subject of study while portraying conservative or classical liberal

ideas—such as free markets, self-reliance —as falling outside the boundaries of

routine, and sometimes legitimate, intellectual investigation.”A 选项中的free

markets前面的修饰词语是conservative or liberal ideas 没有体现A

选项中的supportive。C选项中的conservative 与文中progressive public policy 不符合。D选项中biased

没有体现,故排除。所以选B。

40. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?

[A] Ways to Grasp “The Heart of the Matter”

[B] Illiberal Education and “The Heart of the Matter”

[C] The AAAS’s Contribution to Liberal Education

[D] Progressive Policy vs. Liberal Education

40.题选择B。主旨大意题。先看其他题题干,我们锁定关键词是report ,而report 就是“the heart of the matter “

故排除C和D.而我们看A 发现文章并没有讲如何抓住“问题核心”的各个方法。排除A,选择B

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