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考研阅读理解真题英语二1

Text 1

A new study suggests that contrary to most surveys. People art actually

more stressed at home than at work. Researchers measured people’s cortntlol.

Which is it at stress marker. While they were at work and while they were at

home and found it higher at what is supposed to be a place of refuge.

“Further contradicting conventional wisdom, we found that women as well as

men have lower levels of stress at work than at home,” writes one of the

researchers. Sarah Damaske, In fact women say they feel better at work. She

notes. “it is men not women. Who report being bappicr at home than at work,”

Another surprise is that the findings hold true for both those with childrcn and

without, but more so for nonparents. This is why pcoplc who work outside the

home have better health.

What the study doesn’t measure is whether people are still doing work when

they’ re at home, whether it is household work or work brought home from the

office. For many men, the end of the workday is a time to kick back. For women

who stay home, they never get to leave the office. And for women who work

outside the home, they often are playing catch-up-with-household tasks. With the

blurring of roles, and the fact that the home front lags well behind the

workplace in making adjustments for working women, it’ s not surprising that

women are more stressed at home.

But it’s not just a gender thing. At work, people pretty much know what

they’re supposed to be doing: working, making money, doing the tasks they have

to do in order to draw an income. The bargain is very pure: Employee puts in

hours of physical or mental labor and employee draws out life-sustaining

moola.

On the home front, however, people have no such clarity. Rare is the

household in which the division of labor is so clinically and methodically laid

out. There are a lot of tasks to be done, there are inadequate rewards for most

of them. Your home colleagues-your family-have no clear rewards for their labor;

they need to be talked into it, or if they’ re teenagers, threatened with

complete removal of all electronic devices. Plus, they’ re your family. You

cannot fire your family. You never really get to go home from home.

So it’s not surprising that people are more stressed at home. Not only are

the tasks apparently infinite, the co-workers are much harder to motivate.

21.According to Pa ragraph 1，most previous su rveys found that

home___________

[A]was an un realistic place for relaxation

[B]generated more stress than the workplace

[C]was an ideal place for stress measurement

[D]offered greater relaxation than the workplace

22.According to Damaske， who are likely to be the happiest at home?

[A]Working mothers

[B]Childless husbands

[C] Childless wives

[D]Working fathers

23 The blurring of working women’s roles refers to the fact

thay___________

[A]they are both bread winners and housewives

[B]their home is also a place for kicking back

[C]there is often much housework left behind

[D]it is difficult for them to leave their office

24.The word”moola”(Line 4，Para 4)most probably means___________

[A]energy

[B]skills

[C]earnings

[D]nutrition

25.The home front differs from the workplace in that_____________

[A]home is hardly a cozier working environment

[B]division of labor at home is seldom clear-cut

[C]household tasks are generally more motivating

[D]family labor is often adequately rewarded

考研阅读理解真题英语二2

Text 1

What would you do with 590m? This is now a question for Gloria Mackenzie,

an 84-year-old widow who recently emerged from her small, tin-roofed house in

Florida to collect the biggest undivided lottery jackpot in history. If she

hopes her new-found for tune will yield lasting feelings of fulfillment, she

could do worse than read Happy Money by Elizabeth Dumn and Michael Norton.

These two academics use an array of behavioral research to show that the

most rewarding ways to spend money can be counterintuitive. Fantasies of great

wealth often involve visions of fancy cars and extravagant homes. Yet

satisfaction with these material purchases wears off fairly quickly what was

once exciting and new becomes old-hat; regret creeps in. It is far better to

spend money on experiences, say Ms Dumn and Mr Norton, like interesting trips,

unique meals or even going to the cinema. These purchases often become more

valuable with time-as stories or memories-particularly if they involve feeling

more connected to others.

This slim volume is packed with tips to help wage slaves as well as lottery

winners get the most “happiness bang for your buck.” It seems most people would

be better off if they could shorten their commutes to work, spend more time with

friends and family and less of it watching television (something the average

American spends a whopping two months a year doing, and is hardly jollier for

it).Buying gifts or giving to charity is often more pleasurable than purchasing

things for oneself, and luxuries are most enjoyable when they are consumed

sparingly. This is apparently the reason MacDonald’s restricts the availability

of its popular McRib – a marketing trick that has turned the pork sandwich into

an object of obsession.

Readers of “HappyMoney” are clearly a privileged lot, anxious about

fulfillment, not hunger.Money may not quite buy happiness, but people in

wealthier countries are generally happier than those in poor ones. Yet the link

between feeling good and spending money on others can be seen among rich and

poor people around the world, and scarcity enhances the pleasure of most things

for most people. Not everyone will agree with the authors’ policy ideas, which

range from mandating more holiday time to reducing tax incentives for American

homebuyers. But most people will come away from this book believing it was money

well spent。

21.According to Dumn and Norton,which of the following is the most

rewarding purchase?

[A]A big house

[B]A special tour

[C]A stylish car

[D]A rich meal

22.The author’s attitude toward Americans’ watching TV is

[A]critical

[B]supportive

[C]sympathetic

[D]ambiguous

23.Macrib is mentioned in paragraph 3 to show that

[A]consumers are sometimes irrational

[B]popularity usually comes after quality

[C]marketing tricks are after effective

[D]rarity generally increases pleasure

24.According to the last paragraph,Happy Money

[A]has left much room for readers’criticism

[B]may prove to be a worthwhile purchase

[C]has predicted a wider income gap in the us

[D]may give its readers a sense of achievement

25.This text mainly discusses how to

[A]balance feeling good and spending money

[B]spend large sums of money won in lotteries

[C]obtain lasting satisfaction from money spent

[D]become more reasonable in spending on luxuries

考研阅读理解真题英语二3

Text 1

In an essay entitled “Making It in America”, the author Adam Davidson

relates a joke from cotton about just how much a modern textile mill has been

automated: The average mill only two employees today,” a man and a dog. The man

is there to feed the dog is there to keep the man away from the machines.”

Davidson’s article is one of a number of pieces that have recently appeared

making the point that the reason we have such stubbornly high unemployment and

declining middle-class incomes today is also because of the advances in both

globalization and the information technology revolution, which are more rapidly

than ever replacing labor with machines or foreign worker.

In the past, workers with average skills, doing an average job，could earn

an average lifestyle ,But ,today ,average is officially over. Being average just

won’t earn you what it used to. It can’t when so many more employers have so

much more access to so much more above average cheap foreign labor, cheap

robotics, cheap software, cheap automation and cheap genius. Therefore, everyone

needs to find their extra-their unique value contribution that makes them stand

out in whatever is their field of employment.

Yes, new technology has been eating jobs forever, and always will. But

there’s been an acceleration. As Davidson notes,” In the 10 years ending in

2009, [U.S.] factories shed workers so fast that they erased almost all the

gains of the previous 70 years; roughly one out of every three manufacturing

jobs-about 6 million in total -disappeared.

There will always be changed-new jobs, new products, new services. But the

one thing we know for sure is that with each advance in globalization and the

I.T. revolution, the best jobs will require workers to have more and better

education to make themselves above average.

In a world where average is officially over, there are many things we need

to do to support employment, but nothing would be more important than passing

some kind of G.I.Bill for the 21st century that ensures that every American has

access to poet-high school education.

21. The joke in Paragraph 1 is used to illustrate_______

[A] the impact of technological advances

[B] the alleviation of job pressure

[C] the shrinkage of textile mills

[D] the decline of middle-class incomes

22. According to Paragraph 3, to be a successful employee, one has

to______

[A] work on cheap software

[B] ask for a moderate salary

[C] adopt an average lifestyle

[D] contribute something unique

23. The quotation in Paragraph 4 explains that ______

[A] gains of technology have been erased

[B] job opportunities are disappearing at a high speed

[C] factories are making much less money than before

[D] new jobs and services have been offered

24. According to the author, to reduce unemployment, the most important

is_____

[A] to accelerate the I.T. revolution

[B] to ensure more education for people

[C] ro advance economic globalization

[D] to pass more bills in the 21st century

25. Which of the following would be the most appropriate title for the

text?

[A] New Law Takes Effect

[B] Technology Goes Cheap

[C] Average Is Over

[D] Recession Is Bad

考研阅读理解真题英语二4

Text 1

The decision of the New York Philharmonic to hire Alan Gilbert as its next

music director has been the talk of the classical-music world ever since the

sudden announcement of his appointment in 2009. For the most part， the response

has been favorable， to say the least. “Hooray! At last!” wrote Anthony

Tommasini， a sober-sided classical-music critic.

One of the reasons why the appointment came as such a surprise， however， is

that Gilbert is comparatively little known. Even Tommasini， who had advocated

Gilbert‘s appointment in the Times， calls him “an unpretentious musician with no

air of the formidable conductor about him.” As a description of the next music

director of an orchestra that has hitherto been led by musicians like Gustav

Mahler and Pierre Boulez， that seems likely to have struck at least some Times

readers as faint praise.

For my part， I have no idea whether Gilbert is a great conductor or even a

good one. To be sure， he performs an impressive variety of interesting

compositions， but it is not necessary for me to visit Avery Fisher Hall， or

anywhere else， to hear interesting orchestral music. All I have to do is to go

to my CD shelf， or boot up my computer and download still more recorded music

from iTunes.

Devoted concertgoers who reply that recordings are no substitute for live

performance are missing the point. For the time， attention， and money of the

art-loving public， classical instrumentalists must compete not only with opera

houses， dance troupes， theater companies， and museums， but also with the

recorded performances of the great classical musicians of the 20th century.

There recordings are cheap， available everywhere， and very often much higher in

artistic quality than today‘s live performances; moreover， they can be

“consumed” at a time and place of the listener’s choosing. The widespread

availability of such recordings has thus brought about a crisis in the

institution of the traditional classical concert.

One possible response is for classical performers to program attractive new

music that is not yet available on record. Gilbert‘s own interest in new music

has been widely noted： Alex Ross， a classical-music critic， has described him as

a man who is capable of turning the Philharmonic into “a markedly different，

more vibrant organization.” But what will be the nature of that difference?

Merely expanding the orchestra’s repertoire will not be enough. If Gilbert and

the Philharmonic are to succeed， they must first change the relationship between

America‘s oldest orchestra and the new audience it hops to attract.

21. We learn from Para.1 that Gilbert‘s appointment has

[A]incurred criticism.

[B]raised suspicion.

[C]received acclaim.

[D]aroused curiosity.

22. Tommasini regards Gilbert as an artist who is

[A]influential.

[B]modest.

[C]respectable.

[D]talented.

23. The author believes that the devoted concertgoers

[A]ignore the expenses of live performances.

[B]reject most kinds of recorded performances.

[C]exaggerate the variety of live performances.

[D]overestimate the value of live performances.

24. According to the text， which of the following is true of

recordings?

[A]They are often inferior to live concerts in quality.

[B]They are easily accessible to the general public.

[C]They help improve the quality of music.

[D]They have only covered masterpieces.

25. Regarding Gilbert‘s role in revitalizing the Philharmonic， the author

feels

[A]doubtful.

[B]enthusiastic.

[C]confident.

[D]puzzled.